Garrison State 

First article about this came in 1941 by H. Laswell, who says who gets what, where and how. Laswell in his article says that the garrison state is a development construct.

In the garrison state there must be work and the duty to work for all. Since all work becomes public work all who do not accept employment flout military discipline. For those who do not fit within the structure of the state there is but one alternative- to obey or die. Therefore compulsion is to be expected as a potent instrument for internal control of the garrison state.

The duty to obey, to serve the state, to work- these are cardinal virtues in the garrison state.

In addition to the adjustment of the symbols, goods and violence of the political elite of the garrison state will find it necessary to make certain adaptations in the fundamental practices of the state. Decisions will be more dictatorial than democratic and institutional practices long connected with modern democracy will disappear.

The ruling group will be exercise a monopoly of opinion in public, thus abolishing the free communication of fact and interpretation.

Plebiscites and assemblies become part of the ceremonializing process in the military state.

Legislatures and elections go out of use; the practice of petition will play a more prominent role. Law making will be in the hands of the supreme authority and his council; and as long as the state survives, this agency will exert effective control. This means that instrumental democracy will be in abeyance, although the symbols of mystic democracy will doubtless continue.

The garrison state all organized social activity will be governmentalized; hence, the role of the independent associations will disappear, with the exception of secret societies.

Administrative structure will be centralized and authority will be in a few hands. Power will be highly concentrated, as in any dictatorial regime. Although the rulers of garrison state will be free to regularize the rate of production, they will most assuredly prevent full utilization of modern productive capacity for non-military consumption purposes.

Well at the end of his article, Laswell gives four important ideological patterns- 
 
  

In the name of     certain demands and expectations affirmed 

1) National Democracy (USA, Britain)	Universalize a federation of democratic free nations.
2) National Antiplutocracy ( Germany, Russia, Japan, Italy)	Universalize the axis of national socialist powers.
3) World proletariat(Russia)	Universalize soviet union, communist international.
4) True world proletariat(no state at present)	New elite seizes revolutionary crisis to liquidate Russian betrayers, all national socialism and plutocratic democracies.

Laswell says that garrison state is a state that uses anything in the name of security. Garrison states do not exist only in the third world.

The USA after 9/11 turned to be a garrison state- creation of home land security department.

“Garrison state is ruled by oligarchy and any attack on the party is seen as an attack on the country. One must be loyal to leaders otherwise he will disappear.”